This is the Debian GNU/Linux 'doc-linux' package. It provides the current
Linux-FAQ, written by Ian Jackson <iwj10@cus.cam.ac.uk> and now maintained
by David Merrill <david@lupercalia.net>, as well as the free portion of the
current Linux HOWTOs, written by several authors and coordinated by Guylhem
Aznar <guylhem@metalab.unc.edu>.

This package was put together by Colin Watson <cjwatson@debian.org> from the
sources at ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO and
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/faqs/linux-faq. Its previous
maintainers were Ian Murdock, Dirk Eddelbuettel, and Marco Budde.

As of September 2003 this package is maintained by a team at
pkg-doc-linux-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org, currently with three members:
Colin Watson, Doug Jensen and Frank Lichtenheld. The Debian-specific part of
this package is maintained in a Subversion repository
(http://svn.debian.org/viewcvs/pkg-doc-linux/).

Additional documents have been taken from the following sources:

  * High-Availability HOWTO:
    ftp://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ALPHA/linux-ha/
  * ext3-usage HOWTO:
    http://www.zip.com.au/~akpm/linux/ext3/ext3-usage.html
  * ext3 mini-HOWTO:
    http://www.symonds.net/~rajesh/howto/ext3/

The HTML version of the RedHat-CD-HOWTO has been removed, since it contains
i386-only binaries.

Other changes made were:

  * Some relative hyperlinks were converted into absolute links to documents
    on www.tldp.org.
  * Added the Debian package maintenance system.

The documents in this package fall under a variety of DFSG-free licences,
all listed below.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  ACP-Modem

Copyright (c) 2002 IBM Corporation

This document may be reproduced or distributed in any form without prior
permission. Modified versions of this document may be freely distributed,
provided that they are clearly identified as such, and this copyright is
included intact.

This document is provided "AS IS", with no express or implied warranties. Use
the information in this document at your own risk.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Man-Page

 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 are met:
 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Boot+Root+Raid+LILO

  This document is GNU copyleft by Michael Robinton
  Michael@BizSystems.com <mailto:michael@bizsystems.com>.

  Permission to use, copy, distribute this document for any purpose is
  hereby granted, provided that the author's / editor's name and this
  notice appear in all copies and/or supporting documents; and that an
  unmodified version of this document is made freely available.  This
  document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, either expressed or implied.  While every effort
  has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information documented
  herein, the author / editor / maintainer assumes NO RESPONSIBILITY for
  any errors, or for any damages, direct or consequential, as a result
  of the use of the information documented herein.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  User-Group-HOWTO

   Attribution-ShareAlike 1.0 Licence

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   8. Miscellaneous
    a. Each time You distribute or publicly digitally perform the Work or
       a Collective Work, the Licensor offers to the recipient a license
       to the Work on the same terms and conditions as the license
       granted to You under this License.
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       Derivative Work, Licensor offers to the recipient a license to the
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    c. If any provision of this License is invalid or unenforceable under
       applicable law, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability
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    d. No term or provision of this License shall be deemed waived and no
       breach consented to unless such waiver or consent shall be in
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    e. This License constitutes the entire agreement between the parties
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============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  CD-Writing-HOWTO

Copyright Winfried Trümper 1996-2000. All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the name of the author may not be used to endorse or
promote products derived from this software without specific prior
written permission. In this sense, translations are welcome and need
not to be authorized by me.

The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this document,
including all implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
certain purpose; in no event shall the author be liable for any
special, indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever
resulting from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of
contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in
connection with the use of this document.

Short: read and use at your own risk. No money-back guarantee.  If you
want to understand why this document has always been under a very weak
license and not under the gnu GPL or similar restrictive, then you
should read this article from the German computer magazine c't:
<http://www.heise.de/tp/deutsch/inhalt/te/8375/1.html> (currently only
in German language).

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  DNS-HOWTO

  (C)opyright 1995-2001 Nicolai Langfeldt, Jamie Norrish & Co. Do not
  modify without amending copyright, distribute freely but retain
  copyright message.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Oracle-8-HOWTO, Reading-List-HOWTO, Wacom-USB-mini-HOWTO

You may use, disseminate, and reproduce this document freely, provided you:

  * do not omit or alter this copyright notice.

  * do not omit or alter the version number and date.

  * do not omit or alter the document's pointer to the current WWW version.

  * clearly mark any condensed, or altered versions as such.

These restrictions are intended to protect potential readers from stale or
mangled versions. If you think you have a good case for an exception, ask me.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  ACPI-HOWTO, ADSL-Bandwidth-Management-HOWTO, ATA-RAID-HOWTO,
  ATM-Linux-HOWTO, AX25-HOWTO, Assembly-HOWTO,
  Authentication-Gateway-HOWTO, BTI-PPP, Bandwidth-Limiting-HOWTO,
  Bangla-HOWTO, Bangla-PDF-HOWTO, Bash-Prompt-HOWTO, Belgian-HOWTO, Bridge,
  C++-dlopen, C-editing-with-VIM-HOWTO, CDROM-HOWTO, CDServer-HOWTO,
  CSPM-HOWTO, Caudium-HOWTO, Clone-HOWTO, Conexant+Rockwell-modem-HOWTO,
  Cryptoloop-HOWTO, Diskless-root-NFS-other-HOWTO, DocBook-Install,
  DocBook-OpenJade-SGML-XML-HOWTO, Emacspeak-HOWTO,
  Enterprise-Java-for-Linux-HOWTO, Euro-Char-Support, FBB, Finnish-HOWTO,
  Firewall-Piercing, Francophones-HOWTO, Game-Server-HOWTO, HP-HOWTO,
  HighQuality-Apps-HOWTO, IO-Perf-HOWTO, ISP-Connectivity,
  Indic-Fonts-HOWTO, Intranet-Server-HOWTO, Jabber-Server-Farming-HOWTO,
  Kodak-Digitalcam-HOWTO, LDAP-HOWTO, LDP-Reviewer-HOWTO, LILO,
  Leased-Line, Linux+Win9x+Grub-HOWTO, Linux+WinNT, Linux+Windows-HOWTO,
  Linux-Complete-Backup-and-Recovery-HOWTO, Linux-Crash-HOWTO,
  Linux-Modem-Sharing, Linux-Promise-RAID1-HOWTO, Lotus-DominoR5,
  MIDI-HOWTO, MIPS-HOWTO, MP3-CD-Burning, MP3-HOWTO, Mail-Queue,
  Masquerading-Simple-HOWTO, Mock-Mainframe, Modules, Mosix-HOWTO,
  Multi-Disk-HOWTO, Multi-Distro-Dev, NC-HOWTO, NCD-HOWTO,
  Network-boot-HOWTO, News-Leafsite, Nvidia-OpenGL-Configuration,
  Oracle-9i-RH8-and-RH9-HOWTO, Oracle8-on-RH7X-HOWTO,
  Outlook-to-Unix-Mailbox, PA-RISC-Linux-Boot-HOWTO,
  PCTel-MicroModem-Config, PHP-Nuke-HOWTO, PalmOS-HOWTO, Pine-Exchange,
  Print2Win, Qmail-VMailMgr-Courier-imap-HOWTO, Remote-Bridging,
  Remote-X-Apps, SCSI-2.4-HOWTO, SCSI-Generic-HOWTO, SMB-HOWTO, SMP-HOWTO,
  Scientific-Computing-with-GNU-Linux, Slovak-HOWTO,
  Software-Proj-Mgmt-HOWTO, Sound-HOWTO, Speech-Recognition-HOWTO,
  Sybase-PHP-Apache, Term-Firewall, TimePrecision-HOWTO, Token-Ring,
  Traffic-Control-HOWTO, Traffic-Control-tcng-HTB-HOWTO, UMSDOS-HOWTO,
  USB-Digital-Camera-HOWTO, UUCP-HOWTO, Update, VMailMgr-HOWTO, VPN-HOWTO,
  Valgrind-HOWTO, VideoLAN-HOWTO, Virtual-Web, Visual-Bell, WikiText-HOWTO,
  Wireless-Sync-HOWTO, XFree-Local-multi-user-HOWTO, XFree86-R200,
  XFree86-Second-Mouse, XFree86-Touch-Screen-HOWTO, XML-RPC-HOWTO,
  XWindow-Overview-HOWTO, openMosix-HOWTO, phhttpd-HOWTO, ppp-ssh

The documents listed here have no Invariant Sections, with the exception of
the following documents which have their copyright sections labelled as
Invariant Sections:

  * MIPS

		GNU Free Documentation License
		   Version 1.1, March 2000

 Copyright (C) 2000  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.


0. PREAMBLE

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone
the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.  Secondarily,
this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get
credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
modifications made by others.

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.  It
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
software does.  But this License is not limited to software manuals;
it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
whether it is published as a printed book.  We recommend this License
principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.


1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed
under the terms of this License.  The "Document", below, refers to any
such manual or work.  Any member of the public is a licensee, and is
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A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
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2. VERBATIM COPYING

You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
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conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not use
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compensation in exchange for copies.  If you distribute a large enough
number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
you may publicly display copies.


3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100,
and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
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the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
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Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
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If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
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copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete
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general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no
charge using public-standard network protocols.  If you use the latter
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distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this
Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location
until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque
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It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.


4. MODIFICATIONS

You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
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Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
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A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
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   of the Document).  You may use the same title as a previous version
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B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
   responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
   Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
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C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
   Modified Version, as the publisher.
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
   adjacent to the other copyright notices.
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
   giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
   terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
   and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
I. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to
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J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
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K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
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L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
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   or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section
   may not be included in the Modified Version.
N. Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements"
   or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
of these sections as invariant.  To do this, add their titles to the
list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one passage of
Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the Document already
includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
imply endorsement of any Modified Version.


5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
license notice.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History"
in the various original documents, forming one section entitled
"History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements",
and any sections entitled "Dedications".  You must delete all sections
entitled "Endorsements."


6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.


7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version
of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the
compilation.  Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this
License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled
with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they
are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter
of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate.
Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.


8. TRANSLATION

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a
translation of this License provided that you also include the
original English version of this License.  In case of a disagreement
between the translation and the original English version of this
License, the original English version will prevail.


9. TERMINATION

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to
copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.


10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.


ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:

      Copyright (c)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
      Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
      under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
      or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
      with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
      Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
      A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
      Free Documentation License".

If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections"
instead of saying which ones are invariant.  If you have no
Front-Cover Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of
"Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
to permit their use in free software.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Athlon-Powersaving-HOWTO, Disk-Encryption-HOWTO,
  Encrypted-Root-Filesystem-HOWTO, Fedora-Multimedia-Installation-HOWTO,
  Linksys-Blue-Box-Router-HOWTO, Motorola-Surfboard-Modem,
  Mozilla-Optimization, Samba-Authenticated-Gateway-HOWTO, Scanner-HOWTO,
  Scripting-GUI-TclTk, Secure-CVS-Pserver, Tamil-Linux-HOWTO, UPS-HOWTO,
  VB6-to-Tcl, Web-Browsing-Behind-ISA-Server-HOWTO, Webcam-HOWTO,
  Windows-Newsreaders-under-Linux-HOWTO, Xterminals

The documents listed here have no Invariant Sections.

		GNU Free Documentation License
		  Version 1.2, November 2002


 Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
     59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.


0. PREAMBLE

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
for modifications made by others.

This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.  It
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
software does.  But this License is not limited to software manuals;
it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
whether it is published as a printed book.  We recommend this License
principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.


1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
distributed under the terms of this License.  Such a notice grants a
world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
work under the conditions stated herein.  The "Document", below,
refers to any such manual or work.  Any member of the public is a
licensee, and is addressed as "you".  You accept the license if you
copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
under copyright law.

A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
modifications and/or translated into another language.

A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject
(or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly
within that overall subject.  (Thus, if the Document is in part a
textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
mathematics.)  The relationship could be a matter of historical
connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
them.

The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
that says that the Document is released under this License.  If a
section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
allowed to be designated as Invariant.  The Document may contain zero
Invariant Sections.  If the Document does not identify any Invariant
Sections then there are none.

The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
the Document is released under this License.  A Front-Cover Text may
be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.

A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
represented in a format whose specification is available to the
general public, that is suitable for revising the document
straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
to text formatters.  A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
of text.  A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".

Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification.  Examples of
transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG.  Opaque formats
include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
processing tools are not generally available, and the
machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
processors for output purposes only.

The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
this License requires to appear in the title page.  For works in
formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
text that translates XYZ in another language.  (Here XYZ stands for a
specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
"Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".)  To "Preserve the Title"
of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.

The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
states that this License applies to the Document.  These Warranty
Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
no effect on the meaning of this License.


2. VERBATIM COPYING

You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
conditions whatsoever to those of this License.  You may not use
technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
copying of the copies you make or distribute.  However, you may accept
compensation in exchange for copies.  If you distribute a large enough
number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
you may publicly display copies.


3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
the back cover.  Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
you as the publisher of these copies.  The front cover must present
the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
visible.  You may add other material on the covers in addition.
Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
as verbatim copying in other respects.

If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
a computer-network location from which the general network-using
public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
edition to the public.

It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.


4. MODIFICATIONS

You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
of it.  In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
   from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
   (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
   of the Document).  You may use the same title as a previous version
   if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
   responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
   Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
   Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
   unless they release you from this requirement.
C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
   Modified Version, as the publisher.
D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
   adjacent to the other copyright notices.
F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
   giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
   terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
   and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
   to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
   publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page.  If
   there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
   stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
   given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
   Version as stated in the previous sentence.
J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
   public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
   the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
   it was based on.  These may be placed in the "History" section.
   You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
   least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
   publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
   Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
   the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
   and/or dedications given therein.
L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
   unaltered in their text and in their titles.  Section numbers
   or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements".  Such a section
   may not be included in the Modified Version.
N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
   or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
of these sections as invariant.  To do this, add their titles to the
list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
of Cover Texts in the Modified Version.  Only one passage of
Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
through arrangements made by) any one entity.  If the Document already
includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
imply endorsement of any Modified Version.


5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
copy.  If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
and any sections Entitled "Dedications".  You must delete all sections
Entitled "Endorsements".


6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all
other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.


7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
aggregate.


8. TRANSLATION

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
original versions of these Invariant Sections.  You may include a
translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
the original English version of this License and the original versions
of those notices and disclaimers.  In case of a disagreement between
the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.

If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
title.


9. TERMINATION

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except
as expressly provided for under this License.  Any other attempt to
copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will
automatically terminate your rights under this License.  However,
parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this
License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.


10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions
of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.  Such new
versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.  See
http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
Free Software Foundation.  If the Document does not specify a version
number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.


ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:

    Copyright (c)  YEAR  YOUR NAME.
    Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
    under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
    or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
    with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
    A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
    Free Documentation License".

If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
replace the "with...Texts." line with this:

    with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
    Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.

If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
situation.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
to permit their use in free software.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  GIS-GRASS

[I take this to mean "released into the public domain".]

   This document was prepared by a Federal civil servant in support of
   his work (but mostly on his own time). It is NOT SUBJECT TO COPYRIGHT.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Accessibility-HOWTO, Alsa-sound, Antares-RAID-sparcLinux-HOWTO,
  Apache-mods, Beowulf-HOWTO, BootPrompt-HOWTO, Clone-HOWTO, DB2-HOWTO,
  DSL-HOWTO, Debian-and-Windows-Shared-Printing, Diald-HOWTO,
  Emacs-Beginner-HOWTO, Filesystems-HOWTO,
  From-PowerUp-To-Bash-Prompt-HOWTO, Ftape-HOWTO, GCC-Frontend-HOWTO,
  Handspring-Visor, Hardware-HOWTO, Home-Electrical-Control,
  IP-Masquerade-HOWTO, IP-Subnetworking, IPX-HOWTO, Intkeyb,
  KernelAnalysis-HOWTO, KickStart-HOWTO, Kodak-Digitalcam-HOWTO,
  Linux+IPv6-HOWTO, Linux+XFS-HOWTO, LinuxDoc+Emacs+Ispell-HOWTO,
  Loopback-Root-FS, MGR-HOWTO, MMBase, Medicine-HOWTO, Multicast-HOWTO,
  Mutt-GnuPG-PGP-HOWTO, NLM-HOWTO, Net-HOWTO, PCI-HOWTO, PPP-HOWTO, Path,
  Printing-HOWTO, Program-Library-HOWTO, Querying-libiptc-HOWTO,
  RTLinux-HOWTO, Sat-HOWTO, Security-Quickstart-HOWTO,
  Security-Quickstart-Redhat-HOWTO, Software-RAID-0.4x-HOWTO,
  Soundblaster-AWE, Spanish-HOWTO, Sybase-ASE-HOWTO, TkRat, Upgrade,
  VoIP-HOWTO, WWW-HOWTO, Wacom-Tablet-HOWTO, Winmodems-and-Linux-HOWTO,
  Wireless-HOWTO, XFree86-XInside

This document is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation.

This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
this document; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59
Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

On Debian systems, a copy of the GNU General Public License is available in
/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL as part of the base-files package.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  German-HOWTO

  © Winfried Trümper <me@wt.xpilot.org> 1994-2001. All rights reserved.

  Distribution and use of this document are allowed under the following
  restrictions: The name of the author must not be used to endorse or
  promote products based on the German Howto and modified versions must
  be clearly identified as such.
  Text, illustrations and programs in this Howto were crafted carefully.
  Nevertheless the chance of an error is always there.  Because of the
  complexity and the frequent changes of computer systems, the author
  disclaims all warranties with regard to this document, including all
  implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a certain
  purpose; in no event shall the author be liable for any special,
  indirect or consequential damages or any damages whatsoever resulting
  from loss of use, data or profits, whether in an action of contract,
  negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in connection
  with the use of this document.

  Short: use this Howto at your own risk.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Install-Strategies

You are free to do with this document whatever you please but reading it
would be a good idea. I am naturally not responsible for any consequence or
action arising out of the use of information provided in this document. I am
not a very responsible person and you heed me at your own peril.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Installation-HOWTO

This document is copyright 1998 by Eric S. Raymond. You may use, disseminate,
and reproduce it freely, provided you:

  * Do not omit or alter this copyright notice (you may translate it)

  * Do not omit or alter or omit the version number and date.

  * Do not omit or alter the document's pointer to the current WWW version.

  * Clearly mark any condensed, or altered versions as such.

These restrictions are intended to protect potential readers from stale or
mangled versions. If you think you have a good case for an exception, ask me.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  3-Button-Mouse, 3Dfx-HOWTO, 4mb-Laptops, ADSM-Backup, AI-Alife-HOWTO,
  Accessibility-Dev-HOWTO, Adv-Bash-Scr-HOWTO, Alpha-HOWTO,
  Apache+SSL+PHP+fp, Apache-WebDAV-LDAP-HOWTO, BackspaceDelete,
  Backup-With-MSDOS, Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO, Boca, BogoMips,
  BootPrompt-HOWTO, Bootdisk-HOWTO, Bridge+Firewall, Bridge+Firewall+DSL,
  Bzip2, Call-back, Chroot-BIND-HOWTO, Chroot-BIND8-HOWTO, Clock,
  Cluster-HOWTO, Coffee, Compaq-Remote-Insight-Board-HOWTO,
  Compaq-T1500-HOWTO, Compressed-TCP, Consultants-HOWTO, DPT-Hardware-RAID,
  Danish-HOWTO, Debian-Binary-Package-Building-HOWTO,
  DocBook-Demystification-HOWTO, Domain, Ecology-HOWTO, Esperanto-HOWTO,
  Ethernet-Bridge-netfilter-HOWTO, Fax-Server, GTEK-BBS-550, Glibc2-HOWTO,
  HOWTO-HOWTO, Hard-Disk-Upgrade, Hebrew-HOWTO, IP-Alias, IPCHAINS-HOWTO,
  IRC, ISP-Hookup-HOWTO, Install-From-ZIP, Java-CGI-HOWTO, K7s5a-HOWTO,
  Kerneld, Keyboard-and-Console-HOWTO, LBX, LDAP-Implementation-HOWTO,
  LVM-HOWTO, Laptop-HOWTO, Large-Disk-HOWTO, Lego, Linux+FreeBSD,
  Linux+NT-Loader, Linux+Solaris, Linux+Win95, Linux-From-Scratch-HOWTO,
  Linux-Init-HOWTO, LinuxGL-QuakeWorld-mini-HOWTO, Linuxdoc-Reference,
  Mac-Terminal, Mail-Administrator-HOWTO, Majordomo-MajorCool-HOWTO,
  Multiboot-with-GRUB, Multiboot-with-LILO, NCURSES-Programming-HOWTO,
  NIS-HOWTO, NetMeeting-HOWTO, Netrom-Node, Netscape+Proxy,
  Networking-Overview-HOWTO, Pager, Parallel-Processing-HOWTO, Partition,
  Polish-HOWTO, Portuguese-HOWTO, Programming-Languages, Psion-HOWTO,
  Public-Web-Browser, Qmail+MH, Quake-HOWTO, RCS, RedHat-CD-HOWTO,
  SCSI-Programming-HOWTO, SRM-HOWTO, Sendmail+UUCP,
  Sendmail-Address-Rewrite, Slovenian-HOWTO, Small-Memory,
  Software-Building-HOWTO, Software-RAID-HOWTO,
  Software-Release-Practice-HOWTO, Thinclient-HOWTO, Tips-HOWTO,
  Turkish-HOWTO, Unicode-HOWTO, Unix-Hardware-Buyer-HOWTO,
  Unix-and-Internet-Fundamentals-HOWTO, VAIO+Linux, VPN-Masquerade-HOWTO,
  WWW-mSQL-HOWTO, Windows-LAN-Server-HOWTO, Wireless-Link-sys-WPC11,
  X-Big-Cursor, XFree86-HOWTO, XFree86-Video-Timings-HOWTO, Xterm-Title,
  ZIP-Drive, ZIP-Install, i810-HOWTO

The following licence is available here:

  http://en.tldp.org/COPYRIGHT.html

It is the default licence for documents distributed by the LDP which do not
have a licence of their own.

Documents using option B, preventing distribution of modified versions
without the author's consent, are non-free. The documents listed here do not
fall into that category.

       LINUX DOCUMENTATION PROJECT LICENSE (LDPL) v2.0, 12 January 1998

 I. COPYRIGHT

    The copyright to each Linux Documentation Project (LDP) document is owned
    by its author or authors.

II. LICENSE

    The following license terms apply to all LDP documents, unless otherwise
    stated in the document. The LDP documents may be reproduced and distributed
    in whole or in part, in any medium physical or electronic, provided that
    this license notice is displayed in the reproduction. Commercial
    redistribution is permitted and encouraged. Thirty days advance notice via
    email to the author(s) of redistribution is appreciated, to give the
    authors time to provide updated documents.

     A. REQUIREMENTS OF MODIFIED WORKS

        All modified documents, including translations, anthologies, and
        partial documents, must meet the following requirements:

         1. The modified version must be labeled as such.
         2. The person making the modifications must be identified.
         3. Acknowledgement of the original author must be retained.
         4. The location of the original unmodified document be identified.
         5. The original author's (or authors') name(s) may not be used to
            assert or imply endorsement of the resulting document without the
            original author's (or authors') permission.

        In addition it is requested that:

         1. The modifications (including deletions) be noted.
         2. The author be notified by email of the modification in advance of
            redistribution, if an email address is provided in the document.

        As a special exception, anthologies of LDP documents may include a
        single copy of these license terms in a conspicuous location within the
        anthology and replace other copies of this license with a reference to
        the single copy of the license without the document being considered
        "modified" for the purposes of this section.

        Mere aggregation of LDP documents with other documents or programs on
        the same media shall not cause this license to apply to those other
        works.

        All translations, derivative documents, or modified documents that
        incorporate any LDP document may not have more restrictive license
        terms than these, except that you may require distributors to make the
        resulting document available in source format.

        LDP documents are available in source format via the LDP home page at
        http://sunsite.unc.edu/LDP/.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                             LDP Policy Appendices

 A. TO USE THE LDP LICENSE

    LDP authors who want to use the LDP License should put the following
    statement in their document:

        Copyright (c) by . This document may be distributed only subject to the
        terms and conditions set forth in the LDP License at .

    Authors may include a copy of the license in their documents, as well. If
    they do so, they have the option of ommitting the appendices.

 B. TO USE THE LDP LICENSE, BUT PREVENT MODIFICATION

    LDP authors who want to prevent modification to their document should put
    the following statement in their document:

        Copyright (c) by . This document may be distributed only subject to the
        terms and conditions set forth in the LDP License at , except that this
        document must not be distributed in modified form without the author's
        consent.

 C. TO USE YOUR OWN LICENSE

    LDP authors who want to include their own license on LDP works may do so,
    as long as their terms are not more restrictive than the LDP license,
    except that they may require that the document may not be modified.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

If you have questions about the LDP License, please contact Guylhem Aznar,
guylhem@metalab.unc.edu.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  BRIDGE-STP-HOWTO, Ext2fs-Undeletion-Dir-Struct, Font-HOWTO,
  Howtos-with-LinuxDoc, IPMasquerading+Napster, IngresII-HOWTO,
  KDE-GUI-Login-Configuration-HOWTO, Linmodem-HOWTO, MP3-Box-HOWTO,
  MSSQL6-Openlink-PHP-ODBC, Modem-HOWTO, MultiOS-HOWTO,
  Plug-and-Play-HOWTO, SSL-Certificates-HOWTO, SSL-RedHat-HOWTO,
  Serial-HOWTO, Serial-Laplink-HOWTO, Smart-Card-HOWTO,
  Text-Terminal-HOWTO, Usenet-News-HOWTO, VCR-HOWTO

This is the "boilerplate" licence from the LDP Manifesto
(http://en.tldp.org/manifesto.html). The requirement to contact another
organization about derivative works is considered non-free by the Debian
Project, under the "desert island" test. However, I have given notice to the
LDP that Debian will distribute trivial (i.e. unchanged) derivative works of
all HOWTOs using this licence from
http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/d/doc-linux/, and use clause 2 to
distribute them all under the terms of the GPL instead.

  Please freely copy and distribute (sell or give away) this document in any
  format. It's requested that corrections and/or comments be fowarded to the
  document maintainer. You may create a derivative work and distribute it
  provided that you:

   1. Send your derivative work (in the most suitable format such as sgml) to the
      LDP (Linux Documentation Project) or the like for posting on the Internet.
      If not the LDP, then let the LDP know where it is available.

   2. License the derivative work with this same license or use GPL. Include a
      copyright notice and at least a pointer to the license used.

   3. Give due credit to previous authors and major contributors.

  If you're considering making a derived work other than a translation, it's
  requested that you discuss your plans with the current maintainer.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Apache-Compile-HOWTO, BTTV, Benchmarking-HOWTO, Cipe+Masq, DOSEMU-HOWTO,
  Event-HOWTO, FDU, Firewall-HOWTO, Framebuffer-HOWTO, GCC-HOWTO,
  Hellenic-HOWTO, IBM7248-HOWTO, IO-Port-Programming,
  ISP-Setup-RedHat-HOWTO, Italian-HOWTO, KDE-Kiosk-Mode,
  Linux+DOS+Win95+OS2, MILO-HOWTO, MindTerm-SSH-HOWTO, NFS-Root,
  NFS-Root-Client-mini-HOWTO, Optical-Disk-HOWTO, PLIP, PortSlave,
  Post-Installation-Checklist, Postfix-Cyrus-Web-cyradm-HOWTO,
  Pre-Installation-Checklist, Printing-Usage-HOWTO, Proxy-ARP-Subnet,
  Remote-Serial-Console-HOWTO, SLIP-PPP-Emulator, SSI-UML-HOWTO,
  Saving-Space, Security-HOWTO, Serbian-HOWTO, Serial-Programming-HOWTO,
  Snort-Statistics-HOWTO, TT-Debian, Thai-HOWTO, VMS-to-Linux-HOWTO,
  XDM-Xterm, XDMCP-HOWTO, XWindow-User-HOWTO, Xinerama-HOWTO

Unless otherwise stated, Linux HOWTO documents are copyrighted by their
respective authors. Linux HOWTO documents may be reproduced and distributed
in whole or in part, in any medium physical or electronic, as long as this
copyright notice is retained on all copies. Commercial redistribution is
allowed and encouraged; however, the author would like to be notified of any
such distributions.

All translations, derivative works, or aggregate works incorporating any
Linux HOWTO documents must be covered under this copyright notice. That is,
you may not produce a derivative work from a HOWTO and impose additional
restrictions on its distribution. Exceptions to these rules may be granted
under certain conditions; please contact the Linux HOWTO coordinator at the
address given below.

In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through as
many channels as possible. However, we do wish to retain copyright on the
HOWTO documents, and would like to be notified of any plans to redistribute
the HOWTOs.

If you have any questions, please contact <linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu>.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Advocacy, Commercial-HOWTO, Commercial-Port-Advocacy, Mail-User-HOWTO,
  VAR-HOWTO, WordPerfect

  A verbatim copy may be reproduced or distributed in any medium
  physical or electronic without permission of the author.  Translations
  are similarly permitted without express permission if it includes a
  notice on who translated it.

  Short quotes may be used without prior consent by the author.
  Derivative work and partial distributions of the HOWTO must be
  accompanied with either a verbatim copy of this file or a pointer to
  the verbatim copy.

  Commercial redistribution is allowed and encouraged; however, the
  author would like to be notified of any such distributions.

  In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through
  as many channels as possible.  However, we do wish to retain copyright
  on the HOWTO documents, and would like to be notified of any plans to
  redistribute the HOWTOs.

  We further want that all information provided in the HOWTOs is
  disseminated.  If you have questions, please contact Tim Bynum, the
  Linux HOWTO coordinator, at linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Ethernet-HOWTO, Module-HOWTO, Secure-POP+SSH

  Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
  manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
  preserved on all copies.

  Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
  document under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that this
  copyright notice is included exactly as in the original, and that the
  entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
  permission notice identical to this one.

  Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
  document into another language, under the above conditions for
  modified versions.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Oracle-7-HOWTO

  Like all Linux HOWTO documents, this may be reproduced and distributed
  in whole or in part, in any medium, physical or electronic, so long as
  this copyright notice is retained on all copies.

  Commercial redistribution is allowed and encouraged; however the
  author would like to be notified of such distributions. You may
  translate this HOWTO into any language whatsoever provided that you
  leave this copyright statement and disclaimer intact, and that you
  append a notice stating who translated the document.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  VME-HOWTO, Virtual-Services-HOWTO

  A verbatim copy may be reproduced or distributed in any medium
  physical or electronic without permission of the author.  Translations
  are similarly permitted without express permission if it includes a
  notice on who translated it.  Commercial redistribution is allowed and
  encouraged; however please notify the author of any such distributions.

  Excerpts from the document may be used without prior consent provided
  that the derivative work contains the verbatim copy or a pointer to a
  verbatim copy.

  Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
  document provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
  preserved on all copies.

  In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through
  as many channels as possible. However, we wish to retain copyright on
  this HOWTO document, and would like to be notified of any plans to
  redistribute this HOWTO.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  NCD-X-Terminal

  Linux HOWTO documents may be reproduced and distributed in whole or in
  part, in any medium physical or electronic, as long as this copyright
  notice is retained on all copies.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Partition-Rescue

Copyright (C) 2000-2001 by Jean-Daniel Dodin.

This document is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this document; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

On Debian systems, a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License is 
available in /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL as part of the base-files 
package.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Network-Install-HOWTO

  (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 2002.

  This document may be reproduced or distributed in any form without
  prior permission provided the copyright notice is retained on all
  copies.  Modified versions of this document may be freely distributed
  provided that they are clearly identified as such, and this copyright
  is included intact.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Adv-Routing-HOWTO, Apache-Overview-HOWTO, Battery-Powered, Cable-Modem,
  DHCP, Lex-YACC-HOWTO, Mobile-IPv6-HOWTO, NFS-HOWTO,
  Online-Troubleshooting-HOWTO

Free documents using the Open Publication License are those which exercise
neither of the options in section VI.

Open Publication License
Draft v1.0, 8 June 1999 (text version)


I. REQUIREMENTS ON BOTH UNMODIFIED AND MODIFIED VERSIONS

The Open Publication works may be reproduced and distributed in whole or in
part, in any medium physical or electronic, provided that the terms of this
license are adhered to, and that this license or an incorporation of it by
reference (with any options elected by the author(s) and/or publisher) is
displayed in the reproduction.

Proper form for an incorporation by reference is as follows:

    Copyright (c) <year> by <author's name or designee>. This material may be
    distributed only subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Open
    Publication License, vX.Y or later (the latest version is presently
    available at http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).

The reference must be immediately followed with any options elected by the
author(s) and/or publisher of the document (see section VI).

Commercial redistribution of Open Publication-licensed material is permitted.

Any publication in standard (paper) book form shall require the citation of the
original publisher and author. The publisher and author's names shall appear on
all outer surfaces of the book. On all outer surfaces of the book the original
publisher's name shall be as large as the title of the work and cited as
possessive with respect to the title.


II. COPYRIGHT

The copyright to each Open Publication is owned by its author(s) or designee.


III. SCOPE OF LICENSE

The following license terms apply to all Open Publication works, unless
otherwise explicitly stated in the document.

Mere aggregation of Open Publication works or a portion of an Open Publication
work with other works or programs on the same media shall not cause this
license to apply to those other works. The aggregate work shall contain a
notice specifying the inclusion of the Open Publication material and
appropriate copyright notice.

SEVERABILITY. If any part of this license is found to be unenforceable in any
jurisdiction, the remaining portions of the license remain in force.

NO WARRANTY. Open Publication works are licensed and provided "as is" without
warranty of any kind, express or implied, including, but not limited to, the
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose or a
warranty of non-infringement.


IV. REQUIREMENTS ON MODIFIED WORKS

All modified versions of documents covered by this license, including
translations, anthologies, compilations and partial documents, must meet the
following requirements:

 1. The modified version must be labeled as such.
 2. The person making the modifications must be identified and the
    modifications dated.
 3. Acknowledgement of the original author and publisher if applicable must be
    retained according to normal academic citation practices.
 4. The location of the original unmodified document must be identified.
 5. The original author's (or authors') name(s) may not be used to assert or
    imply endorsement of the resulting document without the original author's
    (or authors') permission.


V. GOOD-PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS

In addition to the requirements of this license, it is requested from and
strongly recommended of redistributors that:

 1. If you are distributing Open Publication works on hardcopy or CD-ROM, you
    provide email notification to the authors of your intent to redistribute at
    least thirty days before your manuscript or media freeze, to give the
    authors time to provide updated documents. This notification should
    describe modifications, if any, made to the document.
 2. All substantive modifications (including deletions) be either clearly
    marked up in the document or else described in an attachment to the
    document.
 3. Finally, while it is not mandatory under this license, it is considered
    good form to offer a free copy of any hardcopy and CD-ROM expression of an
    Open Publication-licensed work to its author(s).


VI. LICENSE OPTIONS

The author(s) and/or publisher of an Open Publication-licensed document may
elect certain options by appending language to the reference to or copy of the
license. These options are considered part of the license instance and must be
included with the license (or its incorporation by reference) in derived works.

A. To prohibit distribution of substantively modified versions without the
explicit permission of the author(s). "Substantive modification" is defined as
a change to the semantic content of the document, and excludes mere changes in
format or typographical corrections.

To accomplish this, add the phrase `Distribution of substantively modified
versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the
copyright holder.' to the license reference or copy.

B. To prohibit any publication of this work or derivative works in whole or in
part in standard (paper) book form for commercial purposes is prohibited unless
prior permission is obtained from the copyright holder.

To accomplish this, add the phrase 'Distribution of the work or derivative of
the work in any standard (paper) book form is prohibited unless prior
permission is obtained from the copyright holder.' to the license reference or
copy.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Debian-Jigdo, Linux-Gamers-HOWTO

			The Open Software License
			v. 1.1

This Open Software License (the "License") applies to any original work of 
authorship (the "Original Work") whose owner (the "Licensor") has placed the 
following notice immediately following the copyright notice for the Original 
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Licensed under the Open Software License version 1.1

1) Grant of Copyright License. Licensor hereby grants You a world-wide, 
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following:

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c) to distribute copies of the Original Work and Derivative Works to the 
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e) to display the Original Work publicly.

2) Grant of Patent License. Licensor hereby grants You a world-wide, 
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3) Grant of Source Code License. The term "Source Code" means the preferred 
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Licensor reserves the right to satisfy this obligation by placing a 
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 Licensor continues to distribute the Original Work, and by publishing the 
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4) Exclusions From License Grant. Nothing in this License shall be deemed to 
grant any rights to trademarks, copyrights, patents, trade secrets or any 
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patent license is granted to make, use, sell or offer to sell embodiments of 
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5) External Deployment. The term "External Deployment" means the use or 
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As an express condition for the grants of license hereunder, You agree that 
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6) Attribution Rights. You must retain, in the Source Code of any Derivative 
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7) Warranty and Disclaimer of Warranty. Licensor warrants that the copyright 
in and to the Original Work is owned by the Licensor or that the Original Work 
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WARRANTY, either express or implied, including, without limitation, the 
warranties of NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY OF THE ORIGINAL WORK IS WITH YOU. 
This DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY constitutes an essential part of this License. No 
license to Original Work is granted hereunder except under this disclaimer.

8) Limitation of Liability. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory, 
whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise, shall the 
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loss of goodwill, work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and 
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jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or 
consequential damages, so this exclusion and limitation may not apply to You.


9) Acceptance and Termination. If You distribute copies of the Original Work 
or a Derivative Work, You must make a reasonable effort under the circumstances 
to obtain the express and volitional assent of recipients to the terms of this 
License. Nothing else but this License (or another written agreement between 
Licensor and You) grants You permission to create Derivative Works based upon 
the Original Work or to exercise any of the rights granted in Sections 1 herein, 
and any attempt to do so except under the terms of this License (or another 
written agreement between Licensor and You) is expressly prohibited by U.S. 
copyright law, the equivalent laws of other countries, and by international 
treaty. Therefore, by exercising any of the rights granted to You in Sections 
1 herein, You indicate Your acceptance of this License and all of its terms and 
conditions. This License shall terminate immediately and you may no longer 
exercise any of the rights granted to You by this License upon Your failure to 
honor the proviso in Section 1(c) herein.

10) Mutual Termination for Patent Action. This License shall terminate 
automatically and You may no longer exercise any of the rights granted to You 
by this License if You file a lawsuit in any court alleging that any OSI 
Certified open source software that is licensed under any license containing 
this "Mutual Termination for Patent Action" clause infringes any patent claims 
that are essential to use that software.

11) Jurisdiction, Venue and Governing Law. Any action or suit relating to this 
License may be brought only in the courts of a jurisdiction wherein the Licensor 
resides or in which Licensor conducts its primary business, and under the laws 
of that jurisdiction excluding its conflict-of-law provisions. The application 
of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of 
Goods is expressly excluded. Any use of the Original Work outside the scope of 
this License or after its termination shall be subject to the requirements and 
penalties of the U.S. Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C.  101 et seq., the equivalent 
laws of other countries, and international treaty. This section shall survive 
the termination of this License.

12) Attorneys Fees. In any action to enforce the terms of this License or 
seeking damages relating thereto, the prevailing party shall be entitled to 
recover its costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable 
attorneys' fees and costs incurred in connection with such action, including 
any appeal of such action. This section shall survive the termination of this 
License.

13) Miscellaneous. This License represents the complete agreement concerning 
the subject matter hereof. If any provision of this License is held to be 
unenforceable, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary 
to make it enforceable.

14) Definition of "You" in This License. "You" throughout this License, 
whether in upper or lower case, means an individual or a legal entity exercising 
rights under, and complying with all of the terms of, this License. For legal 
entities, "You" includes any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under 
common control with you. For purposes of this definition, "control" means (i) 
the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such 
entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent 
(50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such 
entity.

15) Right to Use. You may use the Original Work in all ways not otherwise 
restricted or conditioned by this License or by law, and Licensor promises not 
to interfere with or be responsible for such uses by You.

This license is Copyright (C) 2002 Lawrence E. Rosen. All rights reserved. 
Permission is hereby granted to copy and distribute this license without 
modification. This license may not be modified without the express written 
permission of its copyright owner.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  PCMCIA-HOWTO

  Copyright (c) 1998 David A. Hinds

  This document may be reproduced or distributed in any form without my
  prior permission.  Modified versions of this document, including
  translations into other languages, may be freely distributed, provided
  that they are clearly identified as such, and this copyright is
  included intact.

  This document may be included in commercial distributions without my
  prior consent.  While it is not required, I would like to be informed
  of such usage.  If you intend to incorporate this document in a
  published work, please contact me to make sure you have the latest
  available version.

  This document is provided ``AS IS'', with no express or implied
  warranties.  Use the information in this document at your own risk.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  INFO-SHEET, META-FAQ

These documents have been released into the public domain.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  PLIP-Install-HOWTO

  This documentation used to be under the OpenContent
  <http://www.opencontent.org/opl.shtml> license.  It is not anymore. Do
  what you want with this document.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Root-RAID-HOWTO

  This document is GNU copyleft by Michael Robinton michael@bzs.org
  <mailto:michael@bzs.org>.

  Permission to use, copy, distribute this document for any purpose is
  hereby granted, provided that the author's / editor's name and this
  notice appear in all copies and/or supporting documents; and that an
  unmodified version of this document is made freely available.  This
  document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, either expressed or implied.  While every effort
  has been taken to ensure the accuracy of the information documented
  herein, the author / editor / maintainer assumes NO RESPONSIBILITY for
  any errors, or for any damages, direct or consequential, as a result
  of the use of the information documented herein.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Sentry-Firewall-CD-HOWTO

FILE: http://www.SentryFirewall.com/files/COPYRIGHT

Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Stephen Zarkos.  All rights reserved.
Obsid@Sentry.net

This copyright applies to the Sentry Firewall CD-ROM and those
scripts and documentation distributed with and written for the Sentry
Firewall CD-ROM.  Other software packages and distributions contained
on the CD or iso image are copyright their respective authors.

Permission to redistribute, alter, and use this software for any
reason is granted, subject to the following restrictions:

 - Copyrights and credits must remain intact in the source and the
   documentation.

 - Altered or modified versions of this software must be properly
   and plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as
   the original software.

 - The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
   products derived from this software without specific prior written
   permission.

 - This notice, and any references to this notice in the source,
   documentation, or binary, may not be removed or altered.


DISCLAIMER:

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS
BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Shadow-Password-HOWTO

  The Linux Shadow Password HOWTO is Copyright (c) 1996 Michael H.
  Jackson.

  Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
  document provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
  preserved on all copies.

  Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
  document under the conditions for verbatim copies above, provided a
  notice clearly stating that the document is a modified version is also
  included in the modified document.

  Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
  document into another language, under the conditions specified above
  for modified versions.

  Permission is granted to convert this document into another media
  under the conditions specified above for modified versions provided
  the requirement to acknowledge the source document is fulfilled by
  inclusion of an obvious reference to the source document in the new
  media. Where there is any doubt as to what defines 'obvious' the
  copyright owner reserves the right to decide.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  Sound-Playing-HOWTO

  This document can be freely distributed and modified (I would
  appreciate it if I were notified of any modifications), as long as
  this copyright notice is preserved.  However, it cannot be placed
  under any further restrictions, and a modified document must have the
  same copyright as this one.  Also, credit must be given where due.

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  TT-XFree86

  Download, copy and redistribute this text freely. If you do any
  changes, please submit them to me, and I will pass them to the LDP, of
  course, credit will be given.

  Copyright (c) 2001 by Bartek Kostrzewa

============================================================================

The following licence covers these documents:
  TeTeX-HOWTO

  The teTeX-HOWTO is copyright (C) 1997, 1998 by Robert Kiesling.
  Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
  manual provided that the copyright notice and this permission notice
  are preserved on all copies.

  Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
  manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that
  the sections entitled, ``Distribution,'' and, ``GNU General Public
  License,'' are included exactly as in the original, and provided that
  the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
  permission notice identical to this one.

  Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
  manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
  versions.  except that the sections entitled, ``Distribution,'' and,
  ``GNU General Public License,'' may be included in a translation
  approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in the original
  English.  Please refer to Section ``Distribution and Copyright'' for
  terms of copying.
